Material Name : GD-ALMg3Cu
Material Identification & Standards
GD-ALMg3Cu is a high-strength aluminum-based die casting alloy, categorized in the aluminum-magnesium-copper group. Equivalent designations include:
- JIS (Japan) : ADC6
- AA (USA) : A514
- BS (UK) : LM5 (BS 1490)
- DIN (Germany) : GD‑ALMg3Cu (DIN 1725)
- ISO (International) : Al‑Mg3Cu (ISO 3522)
- Common Use Type : Al-Mg-Cu die casting Alloy
- EN (Europe) : EN AC‑44100 / EN AC-43000 (EN 1706)
GD-ALMg3Cu (No exact EN equivalent; often compared to EN AC-43000 or 44100 for reference only)
EN 1706 is a standard designation, officially titled:
EN 1706: Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Castings — Chemical composition and mechanical properties.
It is a European Standard (EN) that specifies the chemical composition and mechanical properties of cast aluminum alloys.
Therefore, all European cast aluminum alloys, such as EN AC‑44300, EN AC‑44100, EN AC‑43000, etc., are defined and governed under the framework of EN 1706.
Chemical Composition
- Aluminum (Al): Balance
- Magnesium (Mg): 2.5%–3.5%
- Copper (Cu): 0.5%–1.5%
- Silicon (Si): ≤ 1.3%
- Iron (Fe): ≤ 0.8%
- Manganese (Mn), Zinc (Zn): < 0.5% (trace elements)
These elements together contribute to its excellent strength, corrosion resistance, and machining properties.
Mechanical & Physical Properties
| Property | Typical Value Range |
| Tensile Strength | 260–310 MPa |
| Yield Strength | 150–190 MPa |
| Elongation | 1.5–4% |
| Brinell Hardness | 80–90 HB |
| Density | ~2.68 g/cm³ |
| Melting Temperature | ~580–615°C |
Thermal and Electrical Properties
| Property | Typical Value Range |
| Thermal Conductivity | ~98–110 W/m·K |
| Electrical Conductivity | ~24% IACS (~13–14 MS/m) |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient | ~21–23 µm/m·K |
While not as conductive as pure aluminum, GD-ALMg3Cu is thermally efficient for standard engineering needs.
Pros & Cons Summary
| Feature | Pros | Cons |
| Strength & Toughness | High mechanical reliability | Low ductility, can crack |
| Corrosion Resistance | Excellent in humid and marine environments | – |
| Castability | Acceptable for die casting | Requires careful mold design |
| Machinability | Good for secondary machining | Cutting conditions need monitoring |
Castability & Corrosion Resistance
GD-ALMg3Cu performs reliably in pressure die casting processes. While it offers less fluidity compared to high-silicon alloys, it compensates with excellent dimensional stability and surface finish. Its magnesium-copper chemistry provides superior corrosion resistance in salt spray and humid environments.
Proper mold design is essential to avoid shrinkage cracks or thermal stresses.
Key Characteristics
- High-strength aluminum-magnesium-copper alloy for structural parts
- Excellent corrosion resistance under marine and humid conditions
- Moderate castability suitable for pressure die casting
- Stable machining and dimensional reliability
- Lightweight design, ideal for mobility and load reduction
Applications
GD-ALMg3Cu is widely used in fields that demand strength, durability, and corrosion resistance, including:
- Automotive components: Gearbox covers, water pump housings, brackets
- Marine and outdoor: Outboard motor parts, sealed enclosures
- Mechanical systems: Structural frames, enclosures for electronics or machinery
Its reliability in both structural and environmental demands makes it ideal for harsh environments.
Conclusion & Recommendation
GD-ALMg3Cu (also known as ADC6 or A514 or LM5) is a well-balanced aluminum die casting alloy that offers high strength, corrosion resistance, and stability for demanding structural applications. Though slightly less castable than high-silicon alloys, its benefits in durability and post-machining performance make it a competitive choice.
For designers and engineers seeking lightweight yet reliable metal components for marine, automotive, or industrial applications, GD-ALMg3Cu should be among the top material candidates considered.